Liocranchia valdiviae
Richard E. Young and Katharina M. Mangold (1922-2003)
Introduction
L. valdiviae is the deeper-water member of the genus. Younger stages are commonly taken but adults are rarely captured.
Characteristics
- Head
- Beaks: Descriptions can be found here: Lower beak; upper beak.
- Beaks: Descriptions can be found here: Lower beak; upper beak.
- Mantle
- Tubercles absent along middorsal line (i.e., over gladius).
- Tubercles absent along middorsal line (i.e., over gladius).
- Photophores
- 4 oval photophores on eyeball. Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window
Figure. Ventral view of eyeball of L. valdiviae showing the four photophores. The small papilla distal to the photophores is the olfactory papilla. Drawing from Chun (1910).
- 4 oval photophores on eyeball.
Life History
The paralarvae are similar to those of L. reinhardti. Prior to the development of the dorsal row of tubercles in the latter species, L. valdiviae can be recognized by its distinctive chromatophore pattern which includes three small chromatophores on the dorsal, posterior tip of the mantle and a larger patch of chromatophores on the posterior half of the dorsal mantle.
Figure. Ventral and dorsal views of an L. valdiviae paralarva, 7.7 mm ML, from Hawaiian waters. Dashed lines represent chromatophores hidden from view. Drawings by R. E. Young.
Distribution
Vertical Distribution
In Hawaiian waters L. valdiviae is not a diel vertical migrator although occasionally "wanderers" are found in shallow depths at night. The squid undergoes an ontogenetic descent and generally remains at its daytime depth at night.
Captures were made with both open and opening/closing trawls. Bars- fishing depth-range of opening/closing trawl. Circle- Modal fishing depth for either trawl. Blue-filled circles- Night captures. Yellow-filled circles- Day capture.
Figure. Chart of the vertical distribution of L. valdiviae, Hawaiian waters. Chart modified from Young, 1978.
Geographical Distribution
L. valdiviae is a tropical species found throughout the Indo-Pacific (Nesis, 1982).
References
Nesis, K. N. 1982/87. Abridged key to the cephalopod mollusks of the world's ocean. 385+ii pp. Light and Food Industry Publishing House, Moscow. (In Russian.). Translated into English by B. S. Levitov, ed. by L. A. Burgess (1987), Cephalopods of the world. T. F. H. Publications, Neptune City, NJ, 351pp.
Young, R. E. 1978. Vertical distribution and photosensitive vesicles of pelagic cephalopods from Hawaiian waters. Fish. Bull. 76: 583-615.
Title Illustrations
| Scientific Name | Liocranchia valdiviae |
|---|---|
| Reference | from Chun, C. 1910. Die Cephalopoden. Oegopsida. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition, "Valdivia" 1898-1899, 18: 1-522 + Atlas. |
| Life Cycle Stage | Subadult |
About This Page
University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
Katharina M. Mangold (1922-2003)
Laboratoire Arago, Banyuls-Sur-Mer, France
Page copyright © 1996
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Liocranchia valdiviae .
Authored by
Richard E. Young and Katharina M. Mangold (1922-2003).
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Citing this page:
Young, Richard E. and Katharina M. Mangold (1922-2003). 1996. Liocranchia valdiviae . Version 01 January 1996 (under construction). http://tolweb.org/Liocranchia_valdiviae/19597/1996.01.01 in The Tree of Life Web Project, http://tolweb.org/
